Grade: High School - 2

B.3.2
Design, evaluate, and refine a model which shows how human activities and natural phenomena can change the flow of matter and energy in an ecosystem and how those changes impact the environment and biodiversity of populations in ecosystems of different scales, as well as, how these human impacts can be reduced.

I Can Statements	Academic Vocabulary
I can design, evaluate, and refine a model to show how human activities and natural phenomena can change the flow of matter and energy in ecosystems. I can design, evaluate, and refine a model to show how human and natural changes impact the environment and biodiversity in ecosystems. I can design, evaluate and refine a model to show how human impacts can be reduced.	Biodiversity Invasive Species Climate Change Deforestation Fossil Fuels Recycling Pollution Renewable Resources Nonrenewable Resources Succession

I Can Statements

Academic Vocabulary

I can design, evaluate, and refine a model to show how human activities and natural phenomena can change the flow of matter and energy in ecosystems.

I can design, evaluate, and refine a model to show how human and natural changes impact the environment and biodiversity in ecosystems.

I can design, evaluate and refine a model to show how human impacts can be reduced.

Biodiversity
Invasive Species
Climate Change
Deforestation
Fossil Fuels
Recycling
Pollution
Renewable Resources
Nonrenewable Resources
Succession

Cross Cutting Concepts
Patterns Different patterns may be observed at each of the scales at which a system is studied and can provide evidence for causality in explanations of phenomena. Cause and Effect Changes in systems may have various causes that may not have equal effects. Stability and Change Change and rates of change can be quantified and modeled over very short or very long periods of time. Some system changes are irreversible. Systems and System Models Models can be used to predict the behavior of a system, but these predictions have limited precision and reliability due to the assumptions and approximations inherent in models.

Cross Cutting Concepts

Patterns
*Different patterns may be observed at each of the scales at which a system is studied and can provide evidence for causality in explanations of phenomena.

Cause and Effect
*Changes in systems may have various causes that may not have equal effects.

Stability and Change
*Change and rates of change can be quantified and modeled over very short or very long periods of time. Some system changes are irreversible.

Systems and System Models
*Models can be used to predict the behavior of a system, but these predictions have limited precision and reliability due to the assumptions and approximations inherent in models.

Science and Engineering Process Standards
SEPS 2: Developing and Using Models SEPS 3: Planning and carrying out investigations

Science and Engineering Process Standards

SEPS 2: Developing and Using Models

SEPS 3: Planning and carrying out investigations

Looking Back	Looking Ahead
Research invasive species and discuss their impact on ecosystems. (6.LS.5) Investigate and use data to explain how changes in biotic and abiotic components in a given habitat can be beneficial or detrimental to native plants and animals. (6.LS.4) Describe specific relationships (predator/prey, consumer/producer, parasite/host) and symbiotic relationships between organisms. Construct an explanation that predicts why patterns of interactions develop between organisms in an ecosystem. (6.LS.3) Describe the role of photosynthesis in the flow of energy in food chains, energy pyramids, and food webs. Create diagrams to show how the energy in animals' food used for bodily processes was once energy from the sun. (6.LS.2)	Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning that the complex interactions in ecosystems maintain relatively consistent numbers and types of organisms in stable conditions, and identify the impact of changing conditions or introducing non-native species into that ecosystem. (B.3.3) Evaluate evidence to explain the role of natural selection as an evolutionary mechanism that leads to the adaptation of species, and to support claims that changes in environmental conditions may result in: (1) increases in the number of individuals of some species, (2) the emergence of new species over time, and/or (3) the extinction of other species. (B.5.4) Construct an explanation based on evidence that the process of evolution primarily results from four factors: (1) the potential for a species to increase in number, (2) the heritable genetic variation of individuals in a species due to mutation and sexual reproduction, (3) competition for limited resources, and (4) the proliferation of those organisms that are better able to survive and reproduce in the environment. (B.5.5) Analyze and interpret data for patterns in the fossil record and molecular data that document the existence, diversity, extinction, and change of life forms throughout the history of life on Earth under the assumption that natural laws operate today as in the past. (B.5.6)

Looking Back

Looking Ahead

Research invasive species and discuss their impact on ecosystems. (6.LS.5)

Investigate and use data to explain how changes in biotic and abiotic components in a given habitat can be beneficial or detrimental to native plants and animals. (6.LS.4)

Describe specific relationships (predator/prey, consumer/producer, parasite/host) and symbiotic relationships between organisms. Construct an explanation that predicts why patterns of interactions develop between organisms in an ecosystem. (6.LS.3)

Describe the role of photosynthesis in the flow of energy in food chains, energy pyramids, and food webs. Create diagrams to show how the energy in animals' food used for bodily processes was once energy from the sun. (6.LS.2)

Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning that the complex interactions in ecosystems maintain relatively consistent numbers and types of organisms in stable conditions, and identify the impact of changing conditions or introducing non-native species into that ecosystem. (B.3.3)

Evaluate evidence to explain the role of natural selection as an evolutionary mechanism that leads to the adaptation of species, and to support claims that changes in environmental conditions may result in: (1) increases in the number of individuals of some species, (2) the emergence of new species over time, and/or (3) the extinction of other species. (B.5.4)

Construct an explanation based on evidence that the process of evolution primarily results from four factors: (1) the potential for a species to increase in number, (2) the heritable genetic variation of individuals in a species due to mutation and sexual reproduction, (3) competition for limited resources, and (4) the proliferation of those organisms that are better able to survive and reproduce in the environment. (B.5.5)

Analyze and interpret data for patterns in the fossil record and molecular data that document the existence, diversity, extinction, and change of life forms throughout the history of life on Earth under the assumption that natural laws operate today as in the past. (B.5.6)

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